Memoir 44 OPERATION MARKET GARDEN + SPECIAL OPERATIONS EXP. VOL 01 PARATROOPERS

Description: Memoir '44 OPERATION MARKET GARDEN - OVERLORD BY RICHARD BORG CONTENTS:PAPER BATTLE MAP... this will be shipped to you. Additionally, with this purchase you get a free gift:SPECIAL OPERATIONS COMBAT CARD DECK VOLUME 01 WITH PARATROOPER BADGES, SUMMARY CARD, 21 NEW COMBAT CARDS FOR MEMOIR '44. PRINT AND PLAY FORMAT. You will receive a download link for the Special Operations expansion, volume 01. Operation Market Garden was an Allied military operation during the Second World War fought in the German-occupied Netherlands from 17 to 27 September 1944. Its objective was to create a 64 mi (103 km) salient into German territory with a bridgehead over the Nederrijn (Lower Rhine River), creating an Allied invasion route into northern Germany.[8] This was to be achieved by two sub-operations: seizing nine bridges with combined US and British airborne forces (Market) followed by British land forces swiftly following over the bridges (Garden). The airborne operation was undertaken by the First Allied Airborne Army with the land operation by XXX Corps of the British Second Army. The airborne soldiers, numbering more than 41,000, were dropped at sites where they could capture key bridges and hold the terrain until the land forces arrived. The land forces consisted of ten armored and motorized brigades with a similar number of soldiers. The land forces advanced from the south along a single road surrounded by flood plain on both sides. The plan anticipated that they would cover the 103 km (64 mi) from their start to the bridge across the Rhine in 48 hours. About 100,000 German soldiers were in the vicinity to oppose the allied offensive.[9] It was the largest airborne operation of the war up to that point. The operation succeeded in capturing the Dutch cities of Eindhoven and Nijmegen along with many towns, and a few V-2 rocket launching sites. It failed in its most important objective: securing the bridge over the Rhine at Arnhem. The Germans slowed and then halted the armoured brigades advancing from the south before they reached the Rhine. The First Airborne Division was unable to secure the bridge and was withdrawn from the north side of the Rhine after suffering 8,000 dead, missing, and captured out of a complement of 12,000 men. When the retreat order came there were not enough boats to get everyone back across the river. The Germans subsequently rounded up most of those left behind, but some of the British and Polish paratroopers managed to avoid capture by the Germans and were sheltered by the Dutch underground until they could be rescued in Operation Pegasus on 22 October 1944. Historians have been critical of the planning and execution of Operation Market Garden. Antony Beevor said that Market Garden "was a bad plan right from the start and right from the top." The Germans counter attacked the Nijmegen salient but failed to retake any of the allied gains. The Germans punished the people of the Netherlands by cutting off food shipments to the country and 20,000 people died of starvation. Arnhem was finally captured by the Allies in April 1945, towards the end of the war. --- Additionally on the REVERSE of this map, you get TIGERS IN THE SNOW, an operation at the end of the war in the KURLAND POCKET. GERMANY VERSUS THE USSR. The Kurland Pocket, also known as the Courland Pocket, was a significant battleground during the latter stages of World War II. It refers to a region in the Courland Peninsula, in what is now Latvia, where German forces were encircled by the Soviet Red Army.Background In 1944, as the Red Army advanced westward, they launched a series of operations against the German Army Group North, pushing them back into the Courland Peninsula. By October 1944, the Soviets had effectively isolated this German force in what became known as the Kurland Pocket.The Siege The German forces, under the command of Generaloberst Lothar Rendulic and later Generaloberst Carl Hilpert, were cut off from the main German lines but were ordered by Adolf Hitler to hold their positions. The area became a strategic and symbolic holdout for the Germans, who resisted numerous Soviet offensives from October 1944 to May 1945.Conditions and Battles The conditions in the Kurland Pocket were harsh, with German forces facing severe shortages of supplies and reinforcements. Despite this, they managed to repulse several major Soviet assaults. The battles were fierce and involved significant tank and infantry engagements, artillery bombardments, and aerial combat.The End of the War As the war in Europe drew to a close, the German High Command realized the untenability of holding the Kurland Pocket. However, the order to evacuate never came. When Germany officially surrendered on May 8, 1945, approximately 200,000 German soldiers in the Kurland Pocket surrendered to the Soviet forces.Aftermath The surrender of the Kurland Pocket marked the end of one of the last German strongholds in Eastern Europe. The German soldiers were taken as prisoners of war, and many were subjected to long periods of captivity in Soviet labor camps. The region of Courland was reincorporated into the Soviet Union, where it remained until Latvia regained independence in 1991.Significance The Kurland Pocket is significant for several reasons:It represents one of the final holdouts of Nazi Germany in Eastern Europe.The prolonged resistance despite being encircled demonstrates the strategic and symbolic importance placed on the region by Hitler.It highlights the severe conditions and intense combat experienced by both German and Soviet forces in the final months of the war. The Kurland Pocket remains a notable chapter in World War II history, exemplifying the tenacity of German forces and the relentless advance of the Soviet Red Army.

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Location: PANAMA CITY

End Time: 2024-12-11T06:31:02.000Z

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