1903 King Charles II ; History England Scotland , Monarchy Restoration

Description: Makers of History Charles II ( King Of England ) By Jacob Abbott With Engravings Published By Harper & Brothers New York and London 1903 Hardcover. Quarter leather binding. Leather Spine, cloth over boards. 5" x 6.75" , 304 pages. 1206 yeras old. Biography of King Charles II ( A.D. 1630 - 1685 ) Authored by Jacob Abbott (1803-1879). 13 Illustrations. ---------- Condition Almost no wear to the covers. The leather is dry and there is some leather chipping at the head of the spine. ( see the photos ) The hinges are tight. No writing. No markings. The pages are in good condition. Carefully packed for shipment to the buyer. ---------- Charles II (1630 -1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651, and King of England, Scotland and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. He was the eldest surviving child of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria of France. His father King Charles I was executed at Whitehall on January 30, 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War. The Parliament of Scotland proclaimed Charles II king on February 5, 1649, at the age of eighteen, but England entered the period known as the English Interregnum or the English Commonwealth, when England was governed as a republic led by Oliver Cromwell. When Cromwell defeated Charles II at the Battle of Worcester on September 3, 1651, he fled to mainland Europe. Cromwell became Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland. Charles spent the next nine years in exile in France, the Dutch Republic and the Spanish Netherlands. The political crisis that followed Cromwell's death in 1658 resulted in the restoration of the monarchy, and Charles was invited to return to Britain. On May 29, 1660, his 30th birthday, he was received in London to public acclaim. Charles's English parliament enacted laws known as the Clarendon Code, designed to shore up the position of the re-established Church of England. Charles acquiesced to the Clarendon Code even though he favoured a policy of religious tolerance. The major foreign policy issue of his early reign was the Second Anglo-Dutch War. In 1670, he entered into the Treaty of Dover, an alliance with his cousin King Louis XIV of France. Louis agreed to aid him in the Third Anglo-Dutch War and pay him a pension, and Charles secretly promised to convert to Catholicism at an unspecified future date. Charles attempted to introduce religious freedom for Catholics and Protestant dissenters with his 1672 Royal Declaration of Indulgence, but the English Parliament forced him to withdraw it. In 1679, Titus Oates's fabrication of a supposed Popish Plot sparked the Exclusion Crisis when it was revealed that Charles's brother and heir presumptive, James, Duke of York, had become a Catholic. The crisis saw the birth of the pro-exclusion Whig and anti-exclusion Tory parties. Charles sided with the Tories, and after the discovery of the Rye House Plot to murder Charles and James in 1683, some Whig leaders were executed or forced into exile. Charles dissolved the English Parliament in 1681 and ruled alone until his death in 1685. Traditionally considered one of the most popular English kings, Charles II is known as the Merry Monarch, a reference to the liveliness and hedonism of his court. He acknowledged at least 12 illegitimate children by various mistresses, but left no legitimate children and was succeeded by his brother, James. Looking back on Charles's reign, Tories tended to view it as a time of benevolent monarchy whereas Whigs perceived it as a terrible despotism. Charles is thought to have been a generally popular king in his own day and a "legendary figure" in British history. The anniversary of the Restoration ( which was also Charles's birthday ) - 29 May - was recognised in England until the mid-nineteenth century as Oak Apple Day, after the Royal Oak in which Charles hid during his escape from the forces of Oliver Cromwell. Traditional celebrations involved the wearing of oak leaves but these have now died out. Charles II is depicted extensively in art, literature and media. In the United States , Charleston , South Carolina , and South Kingstown , Rhode Island , are named after him.

Price: 25 USD

Location: Coventry, Rhode Island

End Time: 2024-11-28T15:39:56.000Z

Shipping Cost: 6.13 USD